Crew Resource Management

Introduction:
Crew Resource Management was implemented in the 70's in order to clearly define the roles of each individual. CRM for short, eliminates hierarchy within operations and allows each individual to be aware of their specific role inside the team. An example of some key components of CRM is shown below in Figure.1. This, in return, ensures that each member of the operation knows exactly what to do in every situation which prevents accidents and keeps not only the crew but the surrounding area safe. This is crucial for any team but it is especially important for an aviation crew. In this case, a UAS operation.

Method/Discussion:
As UAS grows and the commercial industry integrates unmanned aircraft into their operations, the need for CRM grows alongside it. For UAS operations, a standard operating procedure is the first thing that must be establish. This ensures that every member of the crew is aware of the plan of action as well as know what they will be doing in what order. It is important to note that these procedures should not be deviated from as doing so may result in miscommunication and in return an accident or injury. Alongside an SOP, identifying potential hazards is also important before beginning an operation. No two operations will be the same and every environment will inherently include different hazards and problems. It is important to identify all possible effects that the environment or surrounding area could have on the UAS or the crew itself. In doing so, the crew will be able to prevent or handle any problems that may arise and, as said before, prevent accident or injury. Environmental effects are not the only factor that can cause issues within an operation however. Fatigue is a topic that the FAA ensures pilots and operators are aware of. In the Flightcrew Member Duty and Rest Requirements document created by the DOT, the FAA states that "fatigue threatens aviation safety because it increases the risk of pilot error that could lead to an accident." (Figure.2) The importance of operating an aircraft or even a small UAS while well rested is important. Fatigue can cause the pilot to be unaware or have loss of reaction/motor skills. While the pilot may not realize they are under this effect, knowing how to identify these conditions can help to keep a safe operation.

(Figure.1 CRM Chart)

(Figure.2 Flightcrew Member Duty and Rest Requirements)

Conclusion:

CRM, as stated previously, is immensely important to all operations in aviation. For UAS operations especially, it is important that each member knows the plan and is aware of their tasks. This will ensure that the operation runs as smoothly as possible without injuring a crew member, causing damage to the surrounding area or environment, or hurting an individual in said places.